THE AMERICAN WELSH By the time of the American Civil War, many Welsh had migrated and made their homes in the United States of America, and for this group, as with many other migrants to the US, their cultural ethnicity - language, customs and way of life - remained strongly linked to where they had migrated from. According to official figures, around 90,000 Welsh crossed the Atlantic between 1820 and 1950 - by 1850, this figure was around 30,000 with the majority staying on in the north east, especially in states such as Pennsylvania, New York and Ohio. Compared to other groups, such as the Irish for instance, the amount that emigrated from Wales in the 19th Century was relatively small. Even though the reasons for this are still debated amongst historians, the ones who did leave tended to go with many important skills which would mean work for them at their destination, especially industrial North America, where experienced coal and quarry men were needed for the pits, quarries and iron works. The American dream had reached the ears of the Welsh also. These emigrants took their own culture overseas with them, primarily the chapel and the eisteddfod, and many Welsh-language newspapers were also set up. Y Drych was probably the one with the largest circulation, but there were many others as well, including the strongly Abolitionist Y Cenhadwr Gymraeg, published by the Reverend Dr Robert Everett. The American Welsh The Welsh and Slavery During the War Attitudes in Wales